Fatty Liver

Silent killer

We often like to spoil our precious birds without thinking about the consequences. Just like for us the wrong type of food affects us and them from the inside. 


I will go thrue a common disease in poultry that aint spoken about that much. Many of sudden death comes from this condition, this is Fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome.  This condition came to me when a fellow member shared the autopsy result of her hen.

Fatty liver syndrome (also known as Fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrom) is a metabolic condition in poultry. 
The lympthatic system in a chicken for example is very simple, in simple terms the liver is the first organ to be exposed to dietery fats (known as lipids). 

This condition occurs in birds that as a high calorie intake with limit exercise. This causes the fat to build up around the liver, making it fragile and easy to hemorrhage . 

Other casues like genetic, hormonal or envorimental factors could also speed up the fat builed up.
Mycotoxins have also been showed as a cause in this syndrome.
Symptoms

Most often you dont know that your chicken are suffering from this condition. One day it will just drop dead.

The condition is mostly observed in laying hens, since the egg laying increase the estorgen, that will increase the fat in the liver.

Some symptoms can be observed there for its important to know your bird. 
  • Overweight, lack of breastbone.
  • A pale comb
  • Reduced egglaying 
  • Lethargic
  • Reduced apitite
  • Dehydration
  • Diarrhea 

Fatty liver imparies their bodies how it absorbs calcium. Symtoms like softshelled eggs or weakend bones can there for be seen. 
The diagnosis is mostly done by autopsy, since a fatty liver is very easy to spot. You can also find a diagnosis with a physical exam and a liver panel. 

If you are worried about this condition, what can you do?

  • Monitor the body condition of your bird. How well in shape your bird often is determined by how well you can feel the breastbone. Can you not feel the breastbone? This means your bird is overweight. 
  • Monitior the feed intake of your bird. What type of feed do you give your bird? Is it suited for your birds needs? Study the diffrent table of contens in your feeds (this includes if you mix your own with grains). 
  • A small amount selenium togheter with vitamin E is shown to help against fatty liver syndrome.
  • Diffrent products like fish meals, distillers grains and alfalfa meal have shown to reduce the progression of fatty liver syndrom.
     
If you suspect fatty liver syndrom limit/reduce the feed or replace it with a low energy diet. 
Positive effects have been seen switching the cabrohydrates to fat without increasing the energy intake. 

A case of Fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome 

A woman confused after her precious hen died without reason. She sent her for an autopsy which showed a hemorrhage due to fatty liver syndrom. 

The people that did the autopsy determined it was due to the hen being overweight. 
As a owner she was confused. She was sure that you could feel if a hen was overweight, by feeling the breastbone. 


She gave them free acess to layer feed, supplementing with a small amount of grains. 
Veggies is given on a regular basis.
She rarley gave them treats and they have a huge run where they could walk around all day.
Many people have their chickens in runs all day long, with a much smaller size of their run. 

She got the recomendation that the layer feed was the issue. In their meaning layer feed is only made for commerical hens. Which sounds strange to me?
Also that the small amount of grain was the issue.

She switched to a more standard feed and reduced the amount of grains.

She came to me and ask to write about this topic to spread awareness. Thanks to her post I actully switch around the feed for my birds and really tought hardly what they actully need. My waterfowl feed for example had way to much protein.
Based on what she told me I do believe something else was in the deep roots of her hens fatty liver. It shows that this can happen to the best of us even if we do it right. 

I thank her for sharing her story!  


My toughts

After this syndrome came to my mind I have been really thinking alot about it. Could any of my birds have it and suddenly drop dead? 

We all like to spoil our pets. Knowing that we think we do everything right and still something like this could happend.

This is for surley one of the most common causes of sudden death in chickens. Many dont send their birds for autopsy so the numbers could be even higher. 

My own speculation reading that estorgen affects the amount of fat to the liver: could this be a higher problem in higher producing breeds? and the ones that dont lay that often, could it be a less of an issue?